Lysosomes and its types

Definition: Lysosomes are vesicals formed by golgi complex, that contains digestive enzymes. the isolation of these enzymes in lysosomes protects the rest of the cell from inapropriate digestive activity.

 Explanation

 Lysosomes ,another class of membrane bound orgagnelles, are about the same size as ‘peroxisomes’. they provide an impresive example of metabolic compartmentalization, achieved by the activity of golgi comp- lex.they contain in a concentrated mix the digestive enzyme of the cell ,enzyme that catalyze the rapid breakdown of protien,nucleic acid,lipids and carbohydrates. lysosomes contains enzymes responsible for breakdown of macromolecules.

 Important function.lysosomes digest worn-out cellular compartments , making way for newly f-ormed ones while recycling of material locked up in the old ones.cells can persist for a long time only if their components are constantly renewed. any problem in the function of lysosomes degrades the cell ability to survive.,cell age, for the same reason that people do, because of the faliure to new themselve-s.so we can say that

 ‘’throughout the lives of eukaryotic cells,lysosomes breakdown the organelles and recycling their components protiens and other molecules at a fairly constant rate.’’

 Example.as an example ,mitocondria are replased in some tissues every 10 days with lysosomes digesting the old one as new ones are prodused.

 Role of ph in activity of lysosomes. lysosomes that are engaged in digestive agtivities keep their battery of hydrolytic enzymes [those that catalyze the hydrolysis of molecules] fully by maintaining a low internal ph----. they pump protiens into their interior . only at such acid values the hydrolytic enzymes are maximaly active.

Lysosomes that are not functioning actively do not maintain such an acid internal ph. tyes of lysosomes there are two types of lysosomes.

1-primary lysosomes

2-secondary lysosomes

 when lysosomes fuses with food vacuole or other organelles that falls its ph and the hydrolytic enzyme activated then lysosomes in such a holding pattern is known as ‘’primary lysosomes’’

Secondary lysosomes

 When lysosome become active after holding pattern it is called secondary lysosomes factors that prevents the activity of lysosomes

It is not known that what prevents lysosomes from digesting themselves,but the process required energy , which is the reason that why metabolically inactive eukaroytic cells die.without a constant input of energy, the

The hydrolytic enzymes of primary lysosomes digest the lysosomal membrane from within. When these membranes disintegrates ,the digestive enzyme of lysosome pour out into cytoplasm of the cell and destroy it.  bacteria ,in contrast do not have lysosomes .