PRACTICAL “Causes of
extinction of species”:
Extinction of species is defined as ‘When all the members of
a same species become extinct or decline from the earth is called the
extinction of this species’
According to IUCN Extinction of species is defined as ‘No
individual has been observed from 50 years of a species’
When we talk about the causes of extinction of species then
we consider the following points given below
Ø Habitat loss
Ø Limitations of resources
Ø Hunting
Ø Introduction of exotic species
Ø Natural disaster
Ø Human impact
Ø Predation
Ø Environmental changes or Climatic
changes
Ø Diseases
Ø Competition
a) Inter specific
b) Intra specific
These are the major causes of extinction of species because
every ecosystem is depend upon the food chain and food web, any kind of change
in chain cause going to unsustainability of ecosystem. Conservation is
essential to protect our biodiversity.
Visit to
biodiversity park of Drawer Fort:
When we visit to Biodiversity Park of drawer fort to find the number of species which become extinct up
to that time then we observe that or come to know that Black buck is the major species in this park which is fully
extincted. Then now the major point is to explain the causes of extinction of
Black buck in this park. After visit we
observe the fallowing causes of extinction of this species so
Causes of extinction
of Black buck:
1)
Habitat
loss
2)
Hunting
3)
Diseases
4)
Rainfall
5)
Human
Impact
6)
Harsh
Climate
1)
Habitat Loss
Habitat loss is one of the important factor taking part in
extinction of species. When we study the extinction of black buck species in
Cholistan then the main question arising in our mind are:
i) How habitat destruction takes place
ii) Effect of Habitat loss on Black buck species
iii) Restoration of Habitat will cause extinction or not?
How Habitat destruction
occur:
Habitat is the space or place where an individual live. So
Destruction of habitat loss will be the disturbance in place where living
organism live i.e Disturbance in Black buck Habitat. Human impact is the main
cause of Habitat destruction and harsh climate due to low rainfall in this
desert area.
Effect of Habitat loss
on Black buck species
As we know that habitat is the place where an individual live
so habitat loss will cause the Extinction of black buck species. Thus
extinction is the effect of habitat loss on the black buck species.
Restoration of Habitat
will cause extinction or not?
The question here is that reforestation of habitat will cause
extinction or not? The answer of this question lie in the fact that both
reforestation and deforestation cause change in the biodiversity and this
harmful change is the respond to
imbalance in ecosystem and leads to the extinction of aerated species e.g Black
buck extinction in Dirawar Fort.
2)
Hunting :
Hunting is the illegal killing of organisms for the purpose
of food and money. So it is also a factor that also take part in the extinction
of Black buck species. Peoples of this area are not too much civilized so they
don’t know the hunting may leads to the extinction of this species forever.
They hunt black buck and now this species become extinct in Desert area of
Dirawar fort.
3)
Diseases :
Diseases are some sort of abnormalities in living organisms
which may lead to the death of this organisms so after observing the field of
this desert we can say that diseases are also factors cause the extinction of
Black buck
4)
Rainfall :
Rainfall is also a important factor because it is responsible
for humidity of air, temperature of air or environment, (pressure which take
part in flow of air) and plant diversity of environment because water is
essential for existence of every type of life. So including all these things
which are interconnected to each other relatively cause the extinction of black
buck in the biodiversity of Dirawar fort. Here there are two possibilities
Ø Lowest rainfall in the history of
desert of Dirawar fort is
Ø Highest rainfall in the history of
desert of Dirawar fort is
Average rainfall : 12 cm (5 inch) per year
5)
Human impact :
Due to lack awareness to the importance of biodiversity
humans living over there perform hunting and kill many of animals for the
source of food. This activity of humans affect the living species i.e Black
buck. Humans also cause deforestation which cause desertification as well as
extinction.
6)
Harsh Climate :
Harsh climate includes the low rainfall and very high
temperature of the desert environment which is also a main factor of extinction
of black buck species in the biodiversity of Dirawar fort desert.
